坚 jiān — hard · English

坚

jiān

hard

At a glance · 坚

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Evolution of the glyph

Five stages, from a sketch of the real object to regular script — tap a stage, drag the timeline, or play the animation.

Object sketchBefore writing · drawing what was seen
Oracle boneShang dynasty · c. 1300–1046 BCE
Seal scriptQin dynasty · 221–206 BCE
Clerical scriptHan dynasty · 206 BCE–220 CE
Regular scriptWei–Jin to Tang · c. 3rd–9th century CE

Object sketchBefore writing · drawing what was seenOracle boneShang dynasty · c. 1300–1046 BCESeal scriptQin dynasty · 221–206 BCEClerical scriptHan dynasty · 206 BCE–220 CERegular scriptWei–Jin to Tang · c. 3rd–9th century CE

⚠ Some ancient forms are not attested：oracle bone form、seal script form。No excavated oracle bone / seal artifact is attested for this character yet; we leave it blank rather than fabricate.

「坚」繁体「堅」从土从臤，金文象以手执臤，会坚固之意。

What the sketch shows

Origins & notes

「坚」本义为土硬、坚固，引申坚定、坚强。

Structure

从土、臤(qiān)声，形声兼会意，臤表坚固，本为坚硬、坚牢。简作坚。

At a glance

Pinyinjiān

Radical土

Strokes7

UnicodeU+575A

Character type会意

Theme德行

Six languages, one character

Each page offers hreflang versions; switching language keeps the glyphs and meanings aligned.

English hard hard, strong, firm; resolute

Français ferme / solide Ferme, solide. «坚持雅操» : maintenir une noble conduite.

Español firme / sólido Firme, sólido. «坚持雅操»: mantener una noble conducta.

العربية صلب / قوي صلب، قوي. «坚持雅操»: الحفاظ على سلوك نبيل.

Русский твёрдый / крепкий Твёрдый, крепкий. «坚持雅操»: хранить благородное поведение.

Common words

坚强jiān qiángstrong
坚持jiān chípersist

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